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Watermelon juice has been found to reduce the recovery heart rate and muscle soreness in athletes.

Citrulline, an amino acid found in watermelon, is an excellent candidate to reduce muscle soreness. This study investigated the potential of watermelon juice as a functional drink for athletes, and found that both natural watermelon juice and watermelon juice with added L-citrulline helped to reduce athletes’ recovery heart rate and muscle soreness after 24 hours.

China’s Huai River policy provided free winter heating via the provision of coal for boilers in cities north of the Huai River. This increased total suspended particulates (TSPs) in Northern China by 55% compared to the South, reducing life expectancies by about 5½ years.

Nature quotes co-author Michael Greenstone,

“This study highlights that reducing the use of fossil fuels, especially coal, can have immediate benefits completely separate from climate. This is a good argument for reducing reliance on coal not only to appease the US and Europeans, but to improve the health and wellbeing of their citizens.”

A retrospective cohort study of more than 46000 patients in a military health care system found that musculoskeletal conditions and pain are more common among statin users than among similar non-users.

The researchers warned that statins’ musculoskeletal adverse events may not be fully explored, especially in physically active individuals.

Statins are a class of drugs used to lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting an enzyme that plays a central role in the production of cholesterol in the liver.

Results from ALSPAC show that iodine deficiency in pregnancy is associated with an adverse effect on child cognitive development.

Children of mothers who showed iodine deficiency during early pregnancy were more likely to have scores in the lowest quartile for verbal IQ, reading accuracy, and reading comprehension.

As a component of thyroid hormones, iodine is essential for fetal brain development.

A Japanese study shows that the immune system of women ages at a slower rate than that of men.

The age-related decline in the number of T cells and B cells, and in the proliferative capacity of T cells, was greater in men than in women.

Results from the German GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts show that long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution may increase insulin resistance in children.

Researchers said that oxidative stress caused by exposure to air pollutants may play a role in the development of insulin resistance.